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Infrared lamp
Infrared lamps are electrical devices which emit infrared radiation. Infrared lamps are commonly used in radiant heating for industrial processes and building heating. Infrared LEDs are used for communication over optical fibers and in remote control devices. Infrared lamps are also used for some night vision devices where visible light would be objectionable. Infrared lamp sources are used in certain scientific and industrial instrument for chemical analysis of liquids and gases; for example, the pollutant sulfur dioxide in air can be measured using its infrared absorption characteristics.
==Types==
Incandescent light bulbs use a tungsten filament heated to high temperature to produce visible light and, necessarily, even more infrared radiation. Round bulbs, often tinted red to reduce visible light, provide infrared radiant heat suitable for warming of people or animals, but the power density available is low. The development of quartz halogen linear lamps allowed much higher power density up to 200 watts/inch of lamp (8 w/mm), useful for industrial heating, drying and processing applications. 〔 Raymond Kane, Heinz Sell (ed.) ''Revolution in Lamps: A Chronicle of 50 Years of Progress, Second Edition'', CRC Press, 2001 ISBN 0824709179 , Chapter 3 ''The T3 Quartz Infrared Lamp'')〕
By adjusting the voltage applied to incandescent lamps, the spectrum of the radiated energy can be made to reduce visible light and emphasize infrared energy production. Different wavelengths of infrared radiation are differently absorbed by different materials.
Solid-state light emitting diodes can be produced to be efficient sources of near-monochromatic infrared energy. Such sources can be rapidly modulated for communication systems and control signals. A light emitting diode can be closely coupled to an optical fiber, allowing infrared signals to be sent up to scores of kilometres without amplification.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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